चीन में अब बैक्टेरियल बीमारी का फैलाव , उतर पश्चिम प्रान्त होन्श के लौँझाऊ मैं कहर देखने को मिल रहा है। इस ब्रुसैल बैटरियम से करीब जो खबर मिली है तकरीबन तकरीबन अभी तक 5000 के करीब मरीज़ इसकी चपेट में आ गए है बायोफार्मसुटिकल कंपनी में लीक से हुई यह घटना।
यह आपको बता दे यह बैक्टीरियल जानवरों से आदमियों में फैलता है और बहुत जल्दी चपेट में लेता है। सूत्रों की माने तो जोड़ो में दर्द , शरीर में सूजन आना इसका इलाज अभी तक नहीं मिला है।
सूत्रों के हवाले से जैसे ही यह खबर हमको मिली। हमने इसके बारे में रिसर्च करना शुरू किया तो एक वेबसाइट पर पहुंचे :-
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Brucellosis is a bacterial infection that spreads from animals to people. Most commonly, people are infected by eating raw or unpasteurized dairy products. Sometimes, the bacteria that cause brucellosis can spread through the air or through direct contact with infected animals.
Signs and symptoms of brucellosis may include fever, joint pain and fatigue. The infection can usually be treated with antibiotics. However, treatment takes several weeks to months, and the infection can recur.
Brucellosis affects hundreds of thousands of people and animals worldwide. Avoiding raw dairy products and taking precautions when working with animals or in a laboratory can help prevent brucellosis.
Causes
Brucellosis affects many wild and domestic animals, including:
- Cattle
- Goats
- Sheep
- Pigs and wild hogs
- Dogs, especially those used in hunting
- Deer
- Elk
- Bison
- Caribou
- Moose
- Camels
A form of brucellosis also affects harbor seals, porpoises and certain whales.
The most common ways that bacteria spread from animals to people are:
- Eating raw dairy products. Brucella bacteria in the milk of infected animals can spread to humans in unpasteurized milk, ice cream, butter and cheeses. The bacteria can also be transmitted in raw or undercooked meat of infected animals.
- Inhaling contaminated air. Brucella bacteria spread easily in the air. Farmers, hunters, laboratory technicians and slaughterhouse workers can inhale the bacteria.
- Touching blood and body fluids of infected animals. Bacteria in the blood, semen or placenta of an infected animal can enter your bloodstream through a cut or other wound. Because normal contact with animals — touching, brushing or playing — doesn't cause infection, people rarely get brucellosis from their pets. Even so, people who have weakened immune systems should avoid handling dogs that are known to have the disease.
Brucellosis normally doesn't spread from person to person, but in a few cases, women have passed the disease to their children during birth or through their breast milk. Rarely, brucellosis may spread through sexual activity or through contaminated blood or bone marrow transfusions.
Risk factors
While brucellosis is rare in the United States, it is more common in other parts of the world, especially:
- Southern Europe, including Portugal, Spain, Turkey, Italy, Greece, Southern France
- Eastern Europe
- Mexico, South and Central America
- Asia
- Africa
- The Caribbean
- The Middle East
People who live or travel in these areas are more likely to eat unpasteurized goat cheese, sometimes called village cheese.
Occupations at higher risk
People who work with animals or who come into contact with infected blood are at higher risk of brucellosis. Examples include:
- Veterinarians
- Dairy farmers
- Ranchers
- Slaughterhouse workers
- Hunters
- Microbiologists
Complications
Brucellosis can affect almost any part of your body, including your reproductive system, liver, heart and central nervous system. Chronic brucellosis may cause complications in just one organ or throughout your body. Possible complications include:
- Infection of the heart's inner lining (endocarditis). This is one of the most serious complications of brucellosis. Untreated endocarditis can damage or destroy the heart valves and is the leading cause of brucellosis-related deaths.
- Arthritis. Joint infection is marked by pain, stiffness and swelling in your joints, especially the knees, hips, ankles, wrists and spine. Spondylitis — inflammation of the joints between the bones (vertebrae) of your spine or between your spine and pelvis — can be particularly hard to treat and may cause lasting damage.
- Inflammation and infection of the testicles (epididymo-orchitis). The bacteria that cause brucellosis can infect the epididymis, the coiled tube that connects the vas deferens and the testicle. From there, the infection may spread to the testicle itself, causing swelling and pain, which may be severe.
- Inflammation and infection of the spleen and liver. Brucellosis can also affect the spleen and liver, causing them to enlarge beyond their normal size.
- Central nervous system infections. These include potentially life-threatening illnesses such as meningitis, an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, and encephalitis, inflammation of the brain itself.
Prevention
To reduce the risk of getting brucellosis, take these precautions:
- Avoid unpasteurized dairy foods. In recent years in the United States, few cases of brucellosis have been linked to raw dairy products from domestic herds. Still, it's best to avoid unpasteurized milk, cheese and ice cream, no matter what their origin. If you're traveling to other countries, avoid all raw dairy foods.
- Cook meat thoroughly. Cook all meat until it reaches an internal temperature of 145 to 165 F (63 to 74 C). When eating at a restaurant, order beef and pork at least medium-well. It's unlikely that domestic meat in the United States contains brucella bacteria, but proper cooking destroys other harmful bacteria such as salmonella and Escherichia coli. When traveling abroad, avoid buying meat from street vendors, and ask that all meat be cooked to well-done.
- Wear gloves. If you're a veterinarian, farmer, hunter or slaughterhouse worker, wear rubber gloves when handling sick or dead animals or animal tissue or when assisting an animal giving birth.
- Take safety precautions in high-risk workplaces. If you work in a laboratory, handle all specimens under appropriate biosafety conditions. Slaughterhouses should also follow protective measures, such as separating the killing floor from other processing areas and use of protective clothing.
- Vaccinate domestic animals. In the United States, an aggressive vaccination program has nearly eliminated brucellosis in livestock herds. Because the brucellosis vaccine is live, it can cause disease in people. Anyone who has an accidental needle stick while vaccinating an animal should be treated.
YOU CAN READ THIS NEWS VIA THIS LINK
https://edition.cnn.com/2020/09/17/asia/china-brucellosis-outbreak-intl-hnk/index.html
